References
1. Review
- Beltran MJ, Gary JL, Collinge CA . Management of distal femur fractures with modern plates and nails: state of the art. J Orthop Trauma. 2015 Apr;29(4):165–172.
2. Further references
- Baker BJ, Escobedo EM, Nork SE, et al. Hoffa fracture: a common association with high-energy supracondylar fractures of the distal femur. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2002 Apr;178(4):994.
- Hwang JH, Oh JK, Oh CW, et al. Mismatch of anatomically preshaped locking plate on Asian femurs could lead to malalignment in the minimally invasive plating of distal femur fractures: a cadaveric study. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg . 2012 Jan;132(1):51‒56.
- Babst R, Hehli M, Regazzoni P. [LISS tractor. Combination of the “less invasive stabilization system” (LISS) with the AO distractor for distal femur and proximal tibial fractures]. Unfallchirurg. 2001 Jun;104(6):530–535. In German.
- Bolhofner BR, Carmen B, Clifford P. The results of open reduction and internal fixation of distal femur fractures using a biologic (indirect) reduction technique . J Orthop Trauma. 1996;10(6):372–377.
- Fankhauser F, Gruber G, Schippinger G, et al. Minimal-invasive treatment of distal femoral fractures with the LISS (Less Invasive Stabilization System): a prospective study of 30 fractures with a follow up of 20 months. Acta Orthop Scand. 2004 Feb;75(1):56–60.
- Schütz M, Müller M, Krettek C, et al. Minimally invasive fracture stabilization of distal femoral fractures with the LISS: a prospective multicenter study. Results of a clinical study with special emphasis on difficult cases . Injury . 2001 Dec;32(Suppl 3):SC48–54.
- Krettek C, Miclau T, Grün O, et al . Intraoperative control of axis, rotation and length in femoral and tibial fractures. Technical note. Injury . 1998;29(Suppl 3):29–39.
- Maier DG, Reisig R, Keppler P, et al. [Post-traumatic torsional differences and functional tests following antegrade or retrograde intramedullary nailing of the distal femoral diaphysis.] Unfallchirurg. 2005 Feb;108(2):109–117. In German.
- Buckley R, Mohanty K, Malish D. Lower limb malrotation following MIPO technique of distal femoral and proximal tibial fractures. Injury . 2011 Feb;42(2):194–199.
- Ricci WM, Streubel PN, Morshed S, et al. Risk factors for failure of locked plate fixation of distal femur fractures: an analysis of 335 cases. J Orthop Trauma. 2014 Feb;28(2):83–89.
- Syed AA, Agarwal M, Giannoudis PV, et al . Distal femoral fractures: long-term outcome following stabilisation with the LISS . Injury . 2004 Jun;35(6):599–607.
- Doshi HK, Wenxian P, Burgula MV, et al. Clinical outcomes of distal femoral fractures in the geriatric population using locking plates with a minimally invasive approach. Geriatr Orthop Surg Rehabil . 2013 Mar;4(1):16–20.
- Hoffmann MF, Jones CB, Sietsema DL, et al. Outcome of periprosthetic distal femoral fractures following knee arthroplasty. Injury . 2012 Jul;43(7):1084 –1089.
